螺栓连接大变形梁非线性振动特性的实验研究

柔性机械臂、大型可展开天线等机械结构的动作精度受运动过程中大变形几何非线性和连接处接触非线性的影响十分显著。以含螺栓连接结构的大变形梁作为研究对象，针对动力学建模和振动特性开展了实验研究，通过数值计算验证了实验发现的非线性振动特性。搭建了含螺栓连接柔性大变形梁的实验台架，开展了敲击和正弦激振的实验测试。实验结果表明，螺栓连接的柔性梁较连续梁的（无螺栓连接）模态频率降低，阻尼增加，反映出随着激励能量增大，模态频率降低的非线性模态特征。改变螺栓连接位置会显著影响结构的模态频率，其变化规律可由求解线性矩阵特征值定性反映。     

一种含N低Ni经济型双相不锈钢的抗氢脆性能的研究

设计了一种新型低Ni经济型双相不锈钢，通过金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜对不同固溶温度处理后的试样进行表征，通过常规拉伸实验得到综合力学性能最佳的热处理温度点，并通过电化学预充氢后的慢应变速率拉伸实验探究了其氢脆敏感性能。实验表明，随着温度的升高，奥氏体体积分数明显下降，铁素体体积分数升高，氢在双相不锈钢中的扩散能力提高。在1 050 ℃下固溶处理5 min后水淬的经济型双相不锈钢（lean duplex stainless steel，LDSS）综合性能最佳，其屈服强度和抗拉强度分别为744.7 MPa和807.7 MPa，总伸长率为62%，并且该材料在不同温度都具有优异的加工硬化性能。通过对1 050 ℃热处理后的试样进行不同电流密度和时间的预充氢处理，发现其氢脆敏感性能受充氢时间影响大于充氢电流，氢原子主要在塑性变形阶段降低材料抗拉强度和伸长率，对屈服强度影响较小。     

Blockage of the NLRP3 inflammasome by MCC950 improves anti-tumor immune responses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical innate immune pathway responsible for producing active interleukin (IL)-1β, which is associated with tumor development and immunity. However, the mechanisms regulating the inflammatory microenvironment, tumorigenesis and tumor immunity are unclear. Herein, we show that the NLRP3 inflammasome was over-expressed in human HNSCC tissues and that the IL-1β concentration was increased in the peripheral blood of HNSCC patients. Additionally, elevated NLRP3 inflammasome levels were detected in tumor tissues of Tgfbr1/Pten 2cKO HNSCC mice, and elevated IL-1β levels were detected in the peripheral blood serum, spleen, draining lymph nodes and tumor tissues. Blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation using MCC950 remarkably reduced IL-1β production in an HNSCC mouse model and reduced the numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Moreover, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation increased the numbers of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in HNSCC mice. Notably, the numbers of exhausted PD-1⁺ and Tim3⁺ T cells were significantly reduced. A human HNSCC tissue microarray showed that NLRP3 inflammasome expression was correlated with the expression of CD8 and CD4, the Treg marker Foxp3, the MDSC markers CD11b and CD33, and the TAM markers CD68 and CD163, PD-1 and Tim3. Overall, our results demonstrate that the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway promotes tumorigenesis in HNSCC and inactivation of this pathway delays tumor growth, accompanied by decreased immunosuppressive cell accumulation and an increased number of effector T cells. Thus, inhibition of the tumor microenvironment through the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway may provide a novel approach for HNSCC therapy.     

南方丝绸之路对大理的影响及当前的对策

大理历史悠久,文化灿烂,风光秀丽,古道纵横。过去南方丝绸之路对大理的经济、政治、交通、文化、宗教等有较大的影响,今天在国家"一带一路"的大战略背景下,大理应该怎么办,大理学院应该怎么办,这是当代学人的新课题。以古代南方丝绸之路为出发点,建议今天大理的"一带一路"定位为交往之路、人情之路。     

丙酸盐对厌氧氨氧化除氮性能及群落结构的影响

为了探究有机碳对厌氧氨氧化的长期影响, 向厌氧氨氧化膜生物反应器中添加不同浓度的丙酸钠, 研究对反应器的除氮效能以及微生物的种群结构和功能变化。结果表明: 反应器主要的脱氮过程由CandidatusBrocadia完成, 当丙酸钠浓度为100 mg/L时, 反应器中由于异养细菌的生长, 可实现碳氮的同步去除, 平均总氮去除率可达91.9%。当丙酸钠浓度为200 mg/L 时, 对Candidatus Brocadia的抑制作用导致反应器除氮性能下降, Candidatus Brocadia的丰度降至41.2%, 总氮去除率降至 78.8%。在有机碳抑制作用解除后, 反应器的除氮性能恢复为86.8%, Candidatus Brocadia丰度增加到54.0%, 但群落多样性下降, 属水平的微生物组成有较大的改变。     

上海黄浦江两支流河流甲烷含量研究

甲烷是一种重要的温室气体,虽然目前大气中含量远小于二氧化碳,但排放增长率却大于后者.研究区域为上海市黄浦江支流苏州河和淀浦河,通过实验数据对比城郊春夏的甲烷排放的差异,探讨甲烷产生的机制及其与环境因子的关系,这将有助于研究河流甲烷排放对于环境变化的影响.研究结果认为河流甲烷主要来源于水中沉积物,其产生与水质、温度等因素相关;同时甲烷摩尔浓度与硝酸根离子质量体积比存在负相关性,与铵根离子质量体积比和有机碳质量分数存在正相关性.     

Study on the Centralization Strategy of the Blood Allocation Among Different Departments within a Hospital

By far, the researches on how to distribute blood products among different departments in hospital have not been further studied, though the problem of blood shortage and wastage that caused by improper blood allocation is severe, which may endanger patient’s lives and impose considerable costs on hospitals. In order to solve this problem, this paper mainly studies on how to distribute the blood items among different departments within a hospital and investigates the allocation approach with the novel management method by centralizing the inventory of several different departments. By integrating the blood inventory requirements of some departments, the hospital could reduce the rate of blood shortage and wastage effectively, release the pressure of the occupancy of resources and reduce the bullwhip effect of blood products. This paper illustrates the centralization principle in hospital and formulates the mixed integer programming model to work out the optimal allocation network scheme and the optimal inventory setting for every department. And the results of the numerical example demonstrate that this centralization method could considerably reduce blood shortage and wastage in hospital by about 72% and 90% respectively. Furthermore, it could decrease the total cost by about 108,540 RMB a month on blood supply chain management in the hospital and improve the effect of some certain surgeries by transfusing the fresh blood to patients.     

发达国家服务贸易的经验借鉴

随着信息技术的快速发展,服务贸易行业在国际贸易中更加受到重视,其中技术和资本服务贸易行业尤为突出。对发达国家服务贸易的发展特点进行了研究,借鉴美国、德国、英国和荷兰等发达国家提升服务贸易的举措,为我国政府和企业提出了发展服务贸易的建议,以达到提高我国服务贸易竞争力的目的。     

基于稳健协方差矩阵的ADS-B压制式干扰抑制

压制式干扰是广播式自动相关监视(automatic dependent surveillance broadcast, ADS-B)系统面临的最常见且最有威胁的干扰之一。提出基于稳健协方差矩阵估计的ADS-B压制式干扰抑制算法。首先,考虑了ADS-B信号的脉冲特性,将协方差矩阵的求解转化成凸优化问题。然后,利用求解凸优化问题得到的稳健协方差矩阵设计最优权矢量。最后,对观测信号进行空域滤波,完成ADS-B的压制式干扰抑制,并对抑制结果进行性能分析。提供的仿真实验结果也验证了算法的有效性,该方法不需要知道ADS-B信号来向,且在非高斯噪声情况下同样有效。     

Reconsideration on Homogeneous Quadratic Riemann Boundary Value Problem

The homogeneous quadratic Riemann boundary value problem (1) with Hoelder continuous coefficients for the normal case was considered by the author in 1997. But the solutions obtained there are incomplete. Here its general method of solution is obtained.